Program support utilities

 

C++

Compiler support

Freestanding and hosted

Language

Standard library

Standard library headers

Named requirements

Feature test macros (C++20)

Language support library

Concepts library (C++20)

Diagnostics library

Memory management library

Metaprogramming library (C++11)

General utilities library

Containers library

Iterators library

Ranges library (C++20)

Algorithms library

Strings library

Text processing library

Numerics library

Date and time library

Input/output library

Filesystem library (C++17)

Concurrency support library (C++11)

Execution support library (C++26)

Technical specifications

Symbols index

External libraries

 

Utilities library

Language support Type support (basic types, RTTI) Library feature-test macros (C++20) Program utilities Coroutine support (C++20) Variadic functions is_constant_evaluated (C++20) is_within_lifetime (C++26) initializer_list (C++11) source_location (C++20) Three-way comparison three_way_comparablethree_way_comparable_with (C++20)(C++20) strong_ordering (C++20) weak_ordering (C++20) partial_ordering (C++20) common_comparison_category (C++20) compare_three_way_result (C++20) compare_three_way (C++20) strong_order (C++20) weak_order (C++20) partial_order (C++20) compare_strong_order_fallback (C++20) compare_weak_order_fallback (C++20) compare_partial_order_fallback (C++20)   is_eqis_ltis_lteq (C++20)(C++20)(C++20)   is_neqis_gtis_gteq (C++20)(C++20)(C++20)

General utilities Function objects Bit manipulation (C++20) bitset hash (C++11) Relational operators (deprecated in C++20) rel_ops::operator!=rel_ops::operator>    rel_ops::operator<=rel_ops::operator>= Integer comparison functions cmp_equalcmp_lesscmp_less_than (C++20)(C++20)(C++20)   cmp_not_equalcmp_greatercmp_greater_than (C++20)(C++20)(C++20) in_range (C++20) Swap and type operations swap ranges::swap (C++20) exchange (C++14) declval (C++11) to_underlying (C++23) forward (C++11) forward_like (C++23) move (C++11) move_if_noexcept (C++11) as_const (C++17) Common vocabulary types pair tuple (C++11) optional (C++17) any (C++17) variant (C++17) tuple_size (C++11) tuple_element (C++11) apply (C++17) make_from_tuple (C++17) expected (C++23)

 

Program support utilities

Program termination
abort exit quick_exit (C++11) _Exit (C++11)	atexit at_quick_exit (C++11) EXIT_SUCCESSEXIT_FAILURE
Unreachable control flow
unreachable (C++23)
Communicating with the environment
system	getenv
Signals
signal raise sig_atomic_t	SIG_DFLSIG_IGN SIG_ERR
Signal types
SIGABRTSIGFPESIGILL	SIGINTSIGSEGVSIGTERM
Non-local jumps
setjmp	longjmp
Types
jmp_buf

 

Program termination

The following functions manage program termination and resource cleanup.

Defined in header <cstdlib>
abort	causes abnormal program termination (without cleaning up) (function)
exit	causes normal program termination with cleaning up (function)
quick_exit (C++11)	causes quick program termination without completely cleaning up (function)
_Exit (C++11)	causes normal program termination without cleaning up (function)
atexit	registers a function to be called on std::exit() invocation (function)
at_quick_exit (C++11)	registers a function to be called on std::quick_exit invocation (function)
EXIT_SUCCESSEXIT_FAILURE	indicates program execution status (macro constant)

Unreachable control flow Defined in header <utility> unreachable (C++23) marks unreachable point of execution (function)

(since C++23)

Communicating with the environment

Defined in header <cstdlib>
system	calls the host environment's command processor (function)
getenv	access to the list of environment variables (function)

Signals

Several functions and macro constants for signal management are provided.

Defined in header <csignal>
signal	sets a signal handler for particular signal (function)
raise	runs the signal handler for particular signal (function)
sig_atomic_t	the integer type that can be accessed as an atomic entity from an asynchronous signal handler (typedef)
SIG_DFLSIG_IGN	defines signal handling strategies (macro constant)
SIG_ERR	return value of signal specifying that an error was encountered (macro constant)
Signal types
SIGABRTSIGFPESIGILLSIGINTSIGSEGVSIGTERM	defines signal types (macro constant)

Non-local jumps

Defined in header <csetjmp>
setjmp	saves the context (function macro)
longjmp	jumps to specified location (function)
Types
jmp_buf	execution context type (typedef)

See also

C documentation for Program support utilities