std::ranges::cend

 

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Feature test macros (C++20)

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Concepts library (C++20)

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Metaprogramming library (C++11)

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Containers library

Iterators library

Ranges library (C++20)

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Ranges library

Range access begin cbegin   end cend rbegin crbegin   rend crend size ssize   data cdata empty

Range conversions std::from_range_t std::from_range (C++23)(C++23)     to (C++23)

Dangling iterator handling dangling borrowed_iterator_t borrowed_subrange_t

Range primitives
range_size_trange_difference_trange_value_t elements_of (C++23)	iterator_tconst_iterator_tsentinel_tconst_sentinel_t (C++23)(C++23)	range_reference_trange_const_reference_trange_rvalue_reference_trange_common_reference_t (C++23)

Range concepts
range borrowed_range    sized_range	common_range view viewable_range	input_range output_range forward_range	bidirectional_range    random_access_range contiguous_range	constant_range (C++23)

Views
view_interface	subrange

Range factories
empty_viewviews::empty	single_viewviews::single	basic_istream_viewviews::istream	iota_viewviews::iota	repeat_viewviews::repeat (C++23)(C++23)

Range adaptors
views::all_tviews::all ref_view owning_view as_rvalue_viewviews::as_rvalue (C++23)(C++23)   filter_viewviews::filter transform_viewviews::transform take_viewviews::take take_while_viewviews::take_while concat_viewviews::concat (C++26)(C++26) views::counted	drop_viewviews::drop drop_while_viewviews::drop_while join_viewviews::join join_with_viewviews::join_with (C++23)(C++23)   lazy_split_viewviews::lazy_split split_viewviews::split common_viewviews::common cache_latest_viewviews::cache_latest (C++26)(C++26)	reverse_viewviews::reverse as_const_viewviews::as_const (C++23)(C++23) elements_viewviews::elements keys_viewviews::keys values_viewviews::values enumerate_viewviews::enumerate (C++23)(C++23) zip_viewviews::zip (C++23)(C++23) zip_transform_viewviews::zip_transform (C++23)(C++23)	adjacent_viewviews::adjacent (C++23)(C++23) views::pairwise (C++23) adjacent_transform_viewviews::adjacent_transform (C++23)(C++23) views::pairwise_transform (C++23) chunk_viewviews::chunk (C++23)(C++23) slide_viewviews::slide (C++23)(C++23) chunk_by_viewviews::chunk_by (C++23)(C++23) stride_viewviews::stride (C++23)(C++23) cartesian_product_viewviews::cartesian_product (C++23)(C++23)

Range generators std::generator (C++23)

Range adaptor closure objects range_adaptor_closure (C++23)

Range adaptor objects

Helper items
copyable-box movable-box (until C++23)  (C++23)	simple-view non-propagating-cache

 

Defined in header <ranges>
Defined in header <iterator>
inline namespace /* unspecified */ {     inline constexpr /* unspecified */ cend = /* unspecified */; }		(since C++20) (customization point object)
Call signature
template< class T >     requires /* see below */ constexpr /* see below */ auto cend( T&& t );		(since C++20)

Returns a sentinel for the constant iterator(since C++23) indicating the end of a const-qualified(until C++23) range.

Let CT be const std::remove_reference_t<T>& if the argument is an lvalue (i.e. T is an lvalue reference type), const T otherwise. A call to ranges::cend is expression-equivalent to ranges::end(static_cast<CT&&>(t)).

(until C++23)

If the argument is an lvalue or ranges::enable_borrowed_range<std::remove_cv_t<T>> is true, then a call to ranges::cend is expression-equivalent to: std::const_sentinel<decltype(U)>(U) for some expression U equivalent to ranges::end(possibly-const-range(t)). In all other cases, a call to ranges::cend is ill-formed, which can result in substitution failure when the call appears in the immediate context of a template instantiation.

(since C++23)

If ranges::cend(e) is valid for an expression e, where decltype((e)) is T, then CT models std::ranges::range, and(until C++23) std::sentinel_for<S, I> is true in all cases, where S is decltype(ranges::cend(e)), and I is decltype(ranges::cbegin(e)). Additionally, S models constant-iterator if it models input_iterator.(since C++23)

Customization point objects

The name ranges::cend denotes a customization point object, which is a const function object of a literal semiregular class type. For exposition purposes, the cv-unqualified version of its type is denoted as __cend_fn.

All instances of __cend_fn are equal. The effects of invoking different instances of type __cend_fn on the same arguments are equivalent, regardless of whether the expression denoting the instance is an lvalue or rvalue, and is const-qualified or not (however, a volatile-qualified instance is not required to be invocable). Thus, ranges::cend can be copied freely and its copies can be used interchangeably.

Given a set of types Args..., if std::declval<Args>()... meet the requirements for arguments to ranges::cend above, __cend_fn models

• std::invocable<__cend_fn, Args...>,
• std::invocable<const __cend_fn, Args...>,
• std::invocable<__cend_fn&, Args...>, and
• std::invocable<const __cend_fn&, Args...>.
  

Otherwise, no function call operator of __cend_fn participates in overload resolution.

Example

Run this code

#include <algorithm>
#include <cassert>
#include <ranges>
#include <vector>
 
int main()
{
    std::vector vec{3, 1, 4};
    int arr[]{5, 10, 15};
 
    assert(std::ranges::find(vec, 5) == std::ranges::cend(vec));
    assert(std::ranges::find(arr, 5) != std::ranges::cend(arr));
}

See also

ranges::end (C++20)	returns a sentinel indicating the end of a range (customization point object)
endcend (C++11)(C++14)	returns an iterator to the end of a container or array (function template)